Who pays the real estate commission?

The seller nearly always pays the real estate commission in a residential transaction. There are some real estate agents who charge buyers for their services. In rare cases, I’ve seen agents charge by the hour or on a retainer. For the most part, buyers never have to pay a commission or any fee.  And the actual listing agent does not receive the commission. Instead, the seller pays the real estate brokerage directly.  From there the real estate brokerage will pay out the agent.